Urinary tract infection, urinary morphophysiology, etiology, prevalence, symptoms and treatment: a literature review

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a literature review of the literature on Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). Bibliographic review: The urinary system is responsible for the production, storage and elimination of urine, and urinary anatomy plays an important role in the development of the pathology, considering that women, elderly and newborns are the most prevalent groups in the course of the pathology. UTIs have a varied etiology and can be bacterial, fungal or parasitological, the most common being caused by bacteria. The disease is divided into two groups, symptomatic and asymptomatic, symptomatic cases are subdivided into complicated and uncomplicated. The diagnosis of UTIs is made clinically, using the classic symptoms of urinary tract infection, being the most assertive laboratory diagnosis and, in some cases, imaging tests to assess the state of the urinary system. The treatment is done according to the diagnosis, taking into account the epidemiological aspects or the laboratory results, starting empirically, with innovative treatments such as the use of crawnberry. Final consideration: UTI is a pathology that causes a great impact on the world's health systems, requiring the repetition of local studies in order to verify the epidemiological aspects of the region.