Etiology and therapeutic schemes for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: a narrative review

Abstract

Objective: To raise the main most common points of acute myeloid leukemia in pediatric and elderly patients reported in the literature. Bibliographic review: Virtually all pediatric and elderly patients who develop AML with hematopoietic mutations, only a part of these people evolve to hematological malignancy, a research that took about 22 years showed clonal mutations with a high probability of evolving to AML in the future, the prognosis makes it easier for the doctor to make decisions with the use of chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation, exposure to etiological agents is one of the practices that may favor bone marrow cancer. Final considerations: Treatments for AML can be summarized in intensive chemotherapy, low-intensity therapy, depending on the patient's specific prognostic factors, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in younger patients is the only treatment for curing AML after reappearance of the disease. Exposure to some chemicals like benzene and pesticides in general can contribute to the development of bone marrow cancer.