Palavras-chave
Tratamento etiológico
Benzonidazol
Nifurtimox
Novos fármacos
Inovação terapêutica
Como Citar
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar as evidências atuais sobre o tratamento etiológico da Doença de Chagas, abordando eficácia, segurança, acesso aos medicamentos e perspectivas futuras. Revisão bibliográfica: Os fármacos atualmente disponíveis, benzonidazol e nifurtimox, apresentam eficácia comprovada na fase aguda e em crianças com infecção recente, mas enfrentam limitações como toxicidade elevada, baixa adesão terapêutica e eficácia reduzida em adultos na fase crônica. Um discreto número de ensaios clínicos investigam esquemas abreviados, combinações com antifúngicos triazólicos e novas moléculas como o fexinidazol, além de estratégias experimentais, como vacinas terapêuticas e imunomodulação. Persistem, entretanto, barreiras estruturais, como dificuldades diagnósticas, descontinuidade no cuidado e desigualdades no acesso aos medicamentos. Considerações finais: O cenário atual reforça a urgência de inovação terapêutica, mas evidencia que avanços científicos isolados não são suficientes. Políticas públicas sustentáveis, equidade no acesso ao tratamento e fortalecimento da pesquisa translacional são indispensáveis para transformar o cuidado da Doença de Chagas e reduzir seu impacto social.
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