Nutritional aspects and care after bariatric surgery

Abstract

Objective: To study about multidisciplinary care after bariatric surgery, in order to improve postoperative results and patients' adherence to the diet. Bibliographic Review: Two techniques are most used, sleeve and gastric bypass, however, regardless of the technique chosen, nutritional management is restricted and must follow recommendations, such as replacement of vitamins and minerals. Despite patients' preference for carbohydrate consumption, protein intake associated with physical activity should be encouraged to avoid muscle atrophy and malabsorption. Another important factor is postprandial hypoglycemia due to the increase in incretins, requiring patient guidance to avoid hypoglycemic events. Postoperative complications are more related to the bypass technique, due to the gastrointestinal anatomical change, leading to nutritional deficiency and systemic repercussions. Weight gain after surgery is common, however, more studies are needed to conclude the factors involved in the process. Final considerations: Bariatric surgery may be the procedure of choice for patients who meet the requirements. However, post-surgical care is essential, such as adequate nutrition, lifestyle changes, counseling and medical, nutritional and psychological follow-up.