Keywords
Post-transplant complication
Chronic kidney disease
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Abstract
Objective: To present the main complications found in patients subjected to kidney transplantation. Bibliographic review: Kidney transplant is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular risk and mortality, in addition to resulting in a better life quality for the patient. The transplant is reserved for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stage 5, being dialytic or terminal, thus being a replacement renal therapy as they will continue to have CKD due to Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60ml/min/1.73m2. The most common complications are due to bacterial and viral infections, which can lead to re-hospitalization and graft loss in the first year. The complications can also be immunological due to the necessity of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibody compatibility between the donor and receptor, also being related to the durability of the transplant. The prognosis can be complicated by pre-existing cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndromes. Regarding surgical complications, there are the urological and vascular problems. Final considerations: It is proven that the transplant can change the natural course of the disease, reducing mortality and improving the prognosis of patients. Considering that, encouraging kidney donation and transplantation is essential.
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