Keywords
Newborn
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Multidisciplinary approach to care
Glycemic control
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To synthesize the available scientific evidence on integrated care strategies that contribute to glycemic stability in newborns undergoing induced hypothermia due to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Methods: This is an integrative literature review, with articles published between 2016 and 2026, available in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Acervo+ Index base. Results: 5 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed that glycemic alterations are independently associated with adverse neurological outcomes, with increased chances of death or neurodevelopmental impairment. The multidisciplinary approach to structured care emerges as essential for the implementation of standardized care bundles. Final considerations: Both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are associated with worse neurological outcomes, requiring multidisciplinary and standardized intervention. Synergy between professional categories reduces the variability of current protocols and promotes neonatal recovery. However, the scarcity of specific research limited the inclusion to only five eligible studies in this review. More robust studies are needed to confirm this relationship and guide bedside glycemic monitoring.
References
ALHOSANI MS, SAKVARELIDZE G. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in Newborns: Pathophysiology, Early Identification, and Management. Cureus, 2026; 18(2): e104079.
BEBBER JC, et al. Hipotermia terapêutica como tratamento adjuvante em casos de encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica em recém-nascidos. Revista Contemporânea, 2024; 4(9): 1-33.
CANNAVÒ L, et al. Brain-Oriented Strategies for Neuroprotection of Asphyxiated Newborns in the First Hours of Life. Pediatric Neurology, 2023; 143: 44-49.
HAGMANN C, et al. Process variations between Swiss units treating neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Journal of Perinatology, 2021; 41(11): 2631-2639.
KUKKA AJ, et al. Incidence and outcomes of intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Global Health, 2022; 7(12): e010294
MALVIYA M, et al. Effects of Therapeutic Hypothermia and Minimal Enteral Nutrition on Short-Term Outcomes in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A 10-Year Experience from Oman. Children (Basel), 2024; 12(1): 23.
MATHEW JL, et al. Therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Global Health, 2022; 12: e04030.
MIETZSCH U, et al. Early glycemic state and outcomes of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Pediatrics, 2023; 152(4): e2022060965.
PAN, JJ., et al.The effect of erythropoietin on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: an updated meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2023; 14: e1102569.
PAPPAS A, et al. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Changing Outcomes Across the Spectrum. Clin Perinatol, 2023; 50(1): 31-52.
PROCIANOY RS, SILVEIRA RC. Encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica. Jornal de Pediatria, 2020; 96 (1): 3-11.
RISTOVSKA S, et al. Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in term and preterm infants. Prilozi, 2022; 43(1): 77-84.
ROEPER M, et al. Neonatal hypoglycemia: lack of evidence for a safe management. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2023; 14: e1179102.
SICHULA M, et al. Hyperglycaemia and outcome in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. South African Journal of Child Health, 2024; 18(2): 83-89.
SILVA, LC, et al. Protocolo clínico interdisciplinar de hipotermia terapêutica para recém-nascidos com asfixia: pesquisa de implementação. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing, 2024; 23: e20246774.
SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PEDIATRIA. Hipotermia Terapêutica. Documento Científico do Departamento Científico de Neonatologia, 2020; 4: 1-7.
SOUSA MTO, et al. Hipotermia terapêutica em neonatos: revisão narrativa. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 2022; 15(9): e10972.
TAN JKG, et al. Impact of hypoglycaemia on neurodevelopmental outcomes in hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Paediatrics Open, 2017; 1(1): e000175
THAYYIL S, et al. Hypothermia for moderate or severe neonatal encephalopathy in low-income and middle-income countries (HELIX): a randomised controlled trial in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. The Lancet Global Health, 2021; 9(9): e1273-e1285
VICTOR S, et al. Novas possibilidades de neuroproteção na encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica neonatal. European Journal of Pediatrics, 2022; 181(3): 875-887.
WINTERMARK P, et al. Practice Variations for Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: An International Survey. The Journal of Pediatrics, 2024; 274: e114181.
YANG M, et al. Correction to: hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: pathogenesis and promising therapies. Mol Neurobiol. 2025, 62:2123.