Keywords
Plasmodium
Epidemiology
Risk factors
Brazilian Amazon
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between sociodemographic and occupational characteristics and the occurrence of malaria according to parasite species in the state of Pará, from 2020 to 2024. Methods: Observational, analytical, quantitative epidemiological study of data extracted from SIVEP-Malaria. The following were analyzed: year of notification, age group, sex, race/color, education level, occupation, and type of malaria. Associations were performed using the chi-square test and Poisson regression. Results: 119,999 positive cases of malaria were analyzed, of which 86.2% corresponded to vivax, 12.4% falciparum, 1.2% mixed malaria, and 0.1% non-falciparum malaria. Falciparum malaria was more likely in the elderly (RR=1.77). In indigenous individuals, mixed malaria (RR=1.38) had a higher probability. Among occupational factors, artisanal mining (RR=3.07), logging (RR=3.05), and mining (RR=2.22) stood out, while mixed infections showed a strong association with artisanal mining activity (RR=4.66). Conclusion: The different types of malaria showed a heterogeneous distribution in Pará, being associated with age, race/indigenous color, and, mainly, with artisanal mining, logging, and mining activities, showing the need for control strategies directed at vulnerable groups.
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