Abstract
Objective: Describe and discuss the development of gynecological complications after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT), including Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD). Literature review: This complication occurs when there is an immune attack by the cells of the transplanted spinal cord against the recipient and affects organs such as the lung, skin, gastrointestinal tract and mucous membranes. In addition, GVHD represents one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality caused by HSCT andthis is due to the lack of regular medical follow-up and information on preventive measures before and after transplant. When gynecological manifestations occur, treatments are based on systemic hormonal therapy, topical drugs and vaginal dilators. Final considerations: From this narrative review on the theme, the importance of regular gynecological exams in patients who underwent HSCT is reinforced and, considering that the findings are mostly clinical and not always evidenced in biopsy, it is up to the gynecologists to pay attention to the conduct for with these women, guiding them about possible complications, since they are often revealed in the face of patients' lack of knowledge or insecurity.