Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical effectiveness of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet) in the control of Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) and, consequently, reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Literature review: The prevalence of SAH increases with age. In view of the growth of the elderly population in the country, this clinical condition presents itself as a challenge for the public health system. There are, in general, two main approaches for the treatment of arterial hypertension: the pharmacological one, with the use of antihypertensive drugs, and the non-pharmacological one, such as improving lifestyle habits. The DASH diet is part of the group of these non-drug interventions and consists of a greater intake of fruits, vegetables, products with low sodium content, cholesterol and saturated fatty acids. This dietary pattern has recognized benefits in reducing systemic blood pressure and cardiovascular risks, since the consumption of salt and cholesterol is lower, thus contributing to the prevention of coronary and cerebrovascular accidents. Final considerations: For these reasons, the DASH diet has been identified by national and international guidelines as a therapeutic measure for the control of systemic arterial hypertension.