General aspects of childhood obesity: a narrative review

Abstract

Objective: To review and provide a comprehensive approach to childhood obesity. Bibliography review: Childhood obesity is currently considered a serious public health problem worldwide. Weight gain in the pediatric age group is mainly related to the absence of adequate breastfeeding, incorrect eating habits, a diet rich in sugars and fats, and reduced physical activity. The presence of obesity predisposes children to the development of several diseases in adulthood, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia and elevated systemic blood pressure. Diagnosis is simple and should preferably be performed by a pediatrician. From the moment a pathological increase in weight gain is found, it is necessary for the physician to guide parents about the risks and the importance of a balanced diet and regular physical exercise. Final considerations: Obesity must be treated with the objective of reducing child and adult morbidity and mortality. Therefore, professional guidance and promotion of policies for the prevention and treatment of this disease are of fundamental importance in combating childhood obesity.