Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar los predictores de éxito en el proceso de extubación en el paciente adulto, identificando cuáles son los predictores de éxito en la extubación del paciente adulto. Métodos: Revisión integrativa de la literatura, con marco temporal referente a los años entre 2017 y 2021. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos MEDLINE, LILACS y BDENF, utilizando los descriptores “Weaning from the Respirator”, “Ventilator Weaning”, “Disconnection of the Ventilator” , “Respiração Artificial”, “Respiración Artificial”, “Respiración Artificial” y “Weaning”, “Weaning”, “Destete”. Los artículos seleccionados fueron publicados en inglés, portugués y español, disponibles en su totalidad de forma gratuita, que respondieron a la pregunta guía. Resultados: el índice de respiración superficial rápida (RSBI), cuando se combina con otras bioseñales, tiene una mejor especificidad para predecir el resultado. La ecografía cardiopulmonar fue mayor en los pacientes que fallaron en la prueba de respiración espontánea (SBT). No hubo diferencia en la frecuencia cardíaca inicial, la presión sistólica y diastólica entre los grupos de estudio. Consideraciones finales: La combinación de múltiples factores demostró ser eficiente en la predicción del destete ventilatorio, evaluando varios parámetros clínicos y bioquímicos capaces de contribuir al pronóstico, siendo el RSBI el factor más utilizado.
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BRASIL. Resolução nº 510, de 07 de abril de 2016. Dispõe sobre as normas aplicáveis a pesquisas em Ciências Humanas e Sociais. Diário Oficial [da] República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF, 24 maio 2016. Disponível em: http://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/2016/Reso510.pdf. Acessado em: 24 de maio de 2022.
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