Palabras clave
Atrofia
Hipocampo
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar los mecanismos e implicaciones de la atrofia hipocampal en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Revisión bibliográfica: La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) afecta a millones de personas, siendo la atrofia hipocampal un marcador importante de esta condición. Aunque no es exclusiva de la EA, la reducción del volumen hipocampal ocurre más rápidamente en los pacientes con Alzheimer. La progresión de la enfermedad se puede monitorear mediante exámenes de imágenes, como la resonancia magnética, y biomarcadores en el líquido cefalorraquídeo. Los factores genéticos, como el gen APOE, también influyen en la tasa de atrofia. Tratamientos como los anticuerpos anti-amiloide y los inhibidores de la colinesterasa ayudan a retrasar el deterioro cognitivo, mientras que terapias como la estimulación magnética transcraneal ofrecen alternativas prometedoras para una intervención temprana. Consideraciones finales: La detección temprana y la prevención son fundamentales para ralentizar la progresión de la atrofia y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes, destacando la importancia de un enfoque proactivo en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
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