Resumen
Objective: The present study proposed to gather risk factors associated with breast cancer and early detection as an important preventive method. Literature review: Breast cancer is a public health problem due to its multifactorial nature and its epidemiological, social and economic consequences. It has a high incidence rate and generates psychological disorders for women. Factors such as reproductive history, hormonal contraceptives, absence of children, first pregnancy after 30 years, menarche before 12 years of age and menopause after 55 years were the most mentioned risks. Obesity, sedentary lifestyle and alcohol consumption were also mentioned, in addition to genetic and hereditary factors. Primary prevention (healthy lifestyle habits) and secondary (screening) help in early diagnosis, which favors treatment and minimizes morbidity and mortality rates. These include breast self-examination, clinical examination and mammography, in addition to screening tests. Final considerations: It is necessary to raise awareness about the importance of early detection, through educational lectures with managers of public and private health, multidisciplinary team and patients, disclosing proposals for monitoring and long-term follow-up, especially for women above 40 years.