Keywords
Cutaneous
Epidemiology
Time series studies
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic profile and analyze the temporal trend of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Altamira, Pará, from 2014 to 2024. Methods: Observational, descriptive, retrospective study with a time-series component based on data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System. A total of 694 cases were included according to municipality of infection. Variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies. Incidence trends were analyzed by Joinpoint regression, estimating annual percent change and 95% confidence intervals, and exploratory projections were produced through 2035. Results: Cases predominated among men (79.4%), individuals aged 21–40 years (47.6%), people classified as brown/mixed race (72.3%), and urban residents (57.2%). Cutaneous disease accounted for 96.3%, laboratory confirmation for 91.1%, pentavalent antimonial was recorded as initial treatment in 98.3%, and 97.6% were classified as cured at case closure. Twenty-four cases occurred among Indigenous people from multiple villages. Joinpoint identified an inflection in 2021; both the 2014–2021 and 2021–2024 segments were statistically stationary. Conclusion: The disease showed a profile similar to that described in other Amazonian settings, with a high proportion of cases classified as cured, but relevant data-completeness gaps were identified. The recent direction of reduction should be monitored before being interpreted as a consolidated temporal trend.
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