Resumo
Objetivo: Elucidar as repercussões que as alterações da microbiota intestinal acarretam no processo fisiopatológico das doenças autoimunes. Revisão bibliográfica: A microbiota é o conjunto de microorganismos que vivem nos intestinos humanos, representada por trilhões de bactérias, figurando número 10 vezes maior do que a quantidade de células humanas que compõem o corpo humano. Essa entidade estabelece complexas relações com o organismo humano, seja produzindo substâncias diversas; seja competindo por recursos, contra potenciais patógenos; ou seja, interagindo com o sistema imunológico. Nesse contexto, alterações dessa microbiota podem causar desequilíbrios nessas complexas interações, podendo trazer prejuízo ao organismo, sendo demonstrado, neste artigo, sobre o pano de fundo de doenças como diabetes mellitus tipo 1, artrite reumatóide, esclerose múltipla, lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e doença celíaca. Considerações finais: Investigar e compreender melhor essas relações entre microbiota e doenças autoimunes abre caminho para novas estratégias de tratamento e de prevenção de doenças, potencialmente melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados por essas condições complexas.
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