Palavras-chave
Produtos naturais
Compostos vegetais
Atividade antimicrobiana
Como Citar
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar o potencial terapêutico de produtos naturais bioativos com atividade contra Treponema pallidum como potenciais fontes para futuras estratégias terapêuticas complementares. Métodos: Revisão exploratória nas bases PubMed, ScienceDirect e Scopus, usando os descritores “Treponema pallidum” AND (“bioactive natural products” OR “natural compounds” OR “plant extracts”), incluindo estudos tanto in vitro quanto in silico publicados entre janeiro de 2005 e janeiro de 2025. Após triagem, quatro estudos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. O ácido ftálico (ácido 1,2-benzenodicarboxílico) foi o único composto isolado. Suas propriedades farmacocinéticas e toxicológicas foram avaliadas com ADMETlab 2.0 e PreADMET, enquanto a biodisponibilidade oral foi estimada com SwissADME, gerando radar de biodisponibilidade e modelo BOILED-Egg. Resultados: O ácido ftálico, obtido das flores de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, apresentou zona de inibição de 24 mm na concentração de 10 μg/mL pelo método de difusão em poço em ágar. Entre os extratos vegetais, o acetônico de Odina wodier mostrou maior atividade antimicrobiana (MIC 0,78 μg/mL; MBC 1,52 μg/mL), seguido pelos extratos de Moringa oleifera e Curculigo orchioides (MIC 3,12 μg/mL). Considerações finais: Produtos naturais mostram potencial contra T. pallidum, mas a predominância de extratos brutos limita a aplicação clínica, sendo necessários estudos adicionais de isolamento e segurança.
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