Abstract
Objective: This article sought to discuss the incidence of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in women during pregnancy and the puerperium. In addition, the main associated risk factors and the best course of action for this complication, which is one of the main causes of preventable deaths in the puerperium period in an in-hospital environment, were also discussed. Bibliographic review: The work is a narrative bibliographic review, in which the incidence, pathophysiology and pre-existing risk factors for VTE, such as age, smoking, obesity, diabetes, as well as obstetric factors, such as multiple pregnancies, pre -eclampsia, cesarean section, infections and postpartum hemorrhages. In the management, thromboprophylaxis must be performed after stratifying the risk of each patient, and in cases of intermediate and high risk, drug therapy with the use of anticoagulants should be performed. Final considerations: As it is a very recurrent disease, it is necessary to stratify risks for VTE since the first trimester of pregnancy, in addition to professional monitoring during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, since early diagnosis is very important for the best prognosis.