Abstract
Objective: Review the main relationships associated between the impact of intestinal microbiota on weight gain and obesity, as well as the predisposing factors of this condition and their respective treatments, aiming at weight loss and its beneficial consequences by changing the prevalent colonies and balancing the relationship between host and microbial community. Bibliographic review: The intestinal microbiota is full of bacteria that coexist in symbiosis, and changes in this system can influence weight gain and the development and worsening of diseases such as obesity and diabetes. It was found that the secretion of orexigenic and anorectic intestinal hormones is modulated by the microbiota through active metabolites, with subsequent activation of receptors related to the maintenance of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, thus building good evidence of the impacts of the intestinal biofilm on appetite centers. Final considerations: More studies are needed to evaluate antibiotic therapy and supplementation of prebiotics and probiotics as modifiers of the intestinal environment, in order to identify risk and protective factors.