Ocular hypertension: a narrative review of glaucoma

Abstract

Objective: To provide, through a narrative review, a broad approach to glaucoma, encompassing aspects such as epidemiology, etiology, classification, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment. Bibliographic review: Glaucoma is an eye disease that causes optic nerve damage and reduced visual acuity, with increased eye pressure as the main risk factor. The diagnosis is made by an ophthalmologist through specific eye exams. The main types of glaucoma are: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), Normal Pressure Glaucoma (NPG), Primary Angle Close Glaucoma, Congenital Glaucoma and Secondary Glaucoma, POAG being the most common form of the disease. Clinical treatment is topical and similar in different forms of glaucoma. Final considerations: Glaucoma is a disease that can be associated with amaurosis and significantly compromise the quality of life of the affected individual, therefore, the early identification of risk factors and detection of the disease at an early stage is essential so that a better therapeutic outcome and prognosis of cases.