Resumen
Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo sintetizar y analizar críticamente la evidencia de ensayos controlados aleatorizados que investigaron los efectos del RMT en la mejora funcional y otros resultados clínicos en pacientes con EPOC. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora utilizando las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina, incluyendo PubMed. Se consideraron elegibles los ensayos controlados aleatorizados publicados entre 2020 y 2024. Resultados: Ocho estudios cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión predefinidos y se incluyeron en el análisis final. El RMT se asoció con mejoras significativas en la fuerza de los músculos inspiratorios, la tolerancia al ejercicio, la disnea y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, tanto como intervención independiente como cuando se combinó con otras estrategias de rehabilitación. Aunque no todos los parámetros espirométricos mostraron cambios consistentes en todos los estudios, la mayoría de los ensayos informaron beneficios clínicamente relevantes en los resultados funcionales y centrados en el paciente. Consideraciones finales: El RMT parece ser una estrategia segura, factible y potencialmente efectiva en la rehabilitación de pacientes con EPOC y puede considerarse un componente integral de las intervenciones terapéuticas integrales.
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