Resumen
Objective: The present article aims to present a literature review about postoperative pulmonary complications resulting from Myocardial Revascularization Surgery (MRS). Bibliographic review: The importance of the MRS in Brazil and worldwide was analyzed in this work, as well as the main surgical techniques related to its postoperative complications. Among these techniques, both the use of the cardiopulmonary bypass and anesthesia, as well as the pain experienced by patients in the period after surgery, were described as some of the central factors responsible for the development of pulmonary disorders. It was also intended to discuss the pathophysiology of the most common postoperative conditions involving the respiratory apparatus, such as atelectasis and pleural effusion, in order to better analyze the preventive measures presented in this review. Among these measures, which are used to reduce the severity of pulmonary complications, it was presented the use of techniques of respiratory musculature training and strengthening, whose aim is to reduce the muscular proteolysis characteristic of MRS. Final considerations: It is understood that, in spite of the risks of postoperative pulmonary complications from MRS, this is a highly effective therapy that should be considered and applied in cases of coronary artery obstruction.