La relación entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados durante el embarazo y el desarrollo neurológico del bebé

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Maria Eduarda Veloso
Beatriz Schneider Moresco
Caroline Taís Boiani dos Santos
Eduarda Ribas Nascimento
Henrique Steffens de Abreu
Luis Pedro Possapp Beis
Maria Eduarda Sponchiado Azevedo
Rafaela Turcato Strapazon
Suzana Karen Vilaça Alvim
Gabriel Cabeda Spalding Alves

Resumen

Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de la nutrición materna durante la gestación en el desarrollo neurológico fetal, con énfasis en el impacto del consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados (AUPs). Revisión bibliográfica: Una dieta equilibrada, compuesta por macronutrientes y micronutrientes esenciales, es fundamental para la formación del sistema nervioso fetal, previniendo déficits cognitivos y enfermedades metabólicas en la edad adulta. Las gestantes con dietas inadecuadas, ya sea por desnutrición o por un exceso de calorías, pueden generar consecuencias adversas para el bebé, como bajo peso al nacer, deterioro neurológico y mayor riesgo de enfermedades crónicas. El consumo excesivo de AUPs durante el embarazo está asociado con problemas en el neurodesarrollo fetal, afectando la estructura cerebral y la función cognitiva. El exceso de grasas, azúcares y sodio puede inducir neuroinflamación, estrés oxidativo y desregulación hormonal, aumentando la susceptibilidad a trastornos como el TDAH y el autismo. Por otro lado, las dietas ricas en proteínas, hierro, folato y vitamina D favorecen un desarrollo cerebral adecuado. Consideraciones finales: La alimentación materna desempeña un papel determinante en el neurodesarrollo fetal, por lo que la orientación nutricional durante el embarazo es esencial para minimizar riesgos y promover la salud neurológica del niño a lo largo de su vida.

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Cómo citar
VelosoM. E., MorescoB. S., dos SantosC. T. B., NascimentoE. R., de AbreuH. S., BeisL. P. P., AzevedoM. E. S., StrapazonR. T., AlvimS. K. V., & AlvesG. C. S. (2025). La relación entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados durante el embarazo y el desarrollo neurológico del bebé. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Científico, 25, e20103. https://doi.org/10.25248/reac.e20103.2025
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