Childhood brain tumor: a narrative review
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Abstract
Objective: To highlight data from the literature on the subject of childhood brain tumors in order to expand, update and promote scientific studies in the area. Bibliographic review: Brain tumors in pediatric age, although rare, are the second most prevalent neoplasm and can cause lifelong sequelae. Histological variations name various subtypes of brain tumors and characterize an increase in the abnormal mass of cells in the brain, usually associated with syndromes or genetics. Signs and symptoms are nonspecific and common in other pathologies, which makes immediate diagnosis difficult. The most indicated exams for confirming the neoplasm are computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging that identify the characteristics and location of the tumor. The treatment of the pathology depends on the characteristics of the tumor and can be done through surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Final considerations: It was evident, therefore, that the most common types of brain tumors in childhood are: gliomas and medulloblastoma, while the rarest are: those of the central nervous system. In addition, it showed that the favorable prognosis is linked to early diagnosis, which depend on the training of professionals and the support of health centers to perform imaging tests.
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