Dificuldade no diagnóstico precoce do Transtorno do Espectro Autista
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar a literatura recente quanto as principais dificuldades no diagnóstico precoce do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Métodos: Trata-se de revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada na base de dados PubMed, visando responder à pergunta “Quais as principais dificuldades no diagnóstico precoce do TEA?”. Foram pesquisados artigos de estudos clínicos e revisões publicados nos últimos cinco anos na língua inglesa. Resultados: Foram identificados 20 artigos relacionados às principais dificuldades no diagnóstico do TEA, muitos dos quais visando avaliar a eficiência de novos métodos ou técnicas para triagem precoce de TEA. Estes instrumentos diagnósticos compreendem desde marcadores bioquímicos, exames clínicos, como exames de ressonância magnética, e a aplicação de ferramentas como listas de verificação, testes e entrevistas com os pais. Considerações finais: De modo geral, os estudos analisados evidenciam as dificuldades em identificar métodos eficientes para o diagnóstico precoce do TEA, embora existam várias técnicas potencialmente promissoras. A necessidade, portanto, de maiores desenvolvimentos neste campo é um impeditivo para a aplicação destes novos instrumentos de detecção precoce de forma sistemática.
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