Infective Endocarditis and Updates on the Duke Criteria
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Abstract
Objective: To review the clinical aspects of infective endocarditis and describe the updates to the Duke criteria. Literature review: Infective endocarditis is an inflammation of the heart valves caused by infection with microorganisms, primarily bacteria, and is the leading cause of heart infections. Risk factors such as intravenous drug use and valve surgery increase susceptibility. This condition can lead to chronic complications, including heart failure, with a hospital mortality rate of 15-20%, potentially rising to 30% within the first 30 days. In 2023, the International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases updated the diagnostic criteria, incorporating new microorganisms to enhance diagnostic sensitivity. Additionally, a surgical criterion was introduced to facilitate diagnosis. Final considerations: The modifications to the Duke criteria in 2023 aim to improve investigation and standardize diagnosis for early targeted interventions, and they should be disseminated and discussed to enhance patient prognosis.
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