Fatores prognósticos do traumatismo cranioencefálico: impacto na recuperação e no desenvolvimento de sequelas
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Publicado
Mar 1, 2024
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Resumo
Objetivo: Revisar os fatores prognósticos do traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE), avaliando o seu impacto na recuperação e no desenvolvimento de possíveis sequelas. Revisão bibliográfica: O TCE é uma lesão ao tecido cerebral causada por força física externa, podendo levar a alterações comportamentais, cognitivas, físicas ou emocionais. Essa condição representa uma das principais causas de incapacidade e morte globalmente, afetando cerca de 50 milhões de pessoas anualmente. Seu diagnóstico envolve a observação de sinais como a perda de consciência, comprometimento da memória, déficits neurológicos e distúrbios mentais. Nesse sentido, o prognóstico do paciente com TCE é influenciado por uma série de fatores, como a gravidade do trauma, o tipo de lesão, a resposta ao tratamento, a presença de comorbidades e o suporte recebido durante o processo de reabilitação. Portanto, o acompanhamento adequado e a intervenção precoce são essenciais para otimizar os resultados e minimizar o impacto negativo na vida do paciente após um traumatismo cranioencefálico. Considerações finais: A intervenção precoce e o acompanhamento multidisciplinar são essenciais para melhorar a qualidade de vida e acelerar a recuperação. Por fim, a tomografia computadorizada e biomarcadores como S-100β podem ser úteis na avaliação do prognóstico.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Como Citar
Nascimento Júnior Ádria M., RamosB. C., SilvaG. A. da, RabelloJ. C., CostaJ. M. P., OliveiraL. R. de A., FerronattoL. L., FeresM. A., LeiteR. P., & JulianiA. (2024). Fatores prognósticos do traumatismo cranioencefálico: impacto na recuperação e no desenvolvimento de sequelas. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Médico, 24, e14946. https://doi.org/10.25248/reamed.e14946.2024
Seção
Revisão Bibliográfica
Copyright © | Todos os direitos reservados.
A revista detém os direitos autorais exclusivos de publicação deste artigo nos termos da lei 9610/98.
Reprodução parcial
É livre o uso de partes do texto, figuras e questionário do artigo, sendo obrigatória a citação dos autores e revista.
Reprodução total
É expressamente proibida, devendo ser autorizada pela revista.
Referências
1. BAXENDALE S, et al. Neuropsychological Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Practical Neurology, 2019; 19: 476–82.
2. BERTOTTI MM, et al. Glasgow Coma Scale Pupil Score (GCS-P) and the Hospital Mortality in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Analysis of 1,066 Brazilian Patients. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2023; 81: 452–59.
3. BONSALE R, et al. The Long-Term Exercise after Traumatic Brain Injury: Reharmonizing Brain by Sound Body. Brain Research, 2023; 1816: 148471.
4. BROWN AW, et al. Predictive Utility of an Adapted Marshall Head CT Classification Scheme after Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury, 2019; 33: 610–17.
5. ÇELIK K, DEMIRYUREK BE. The association between intracranial pressure and optic nerve sheath diameter on patients with head trauma. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2021; 79: 879–85.
6. CHARRY, JD, et al. Outcomes of traumatic brain injury: the prognostic accuracy of various scores and models. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska, 2018, p. VM/OJS/J/61576.
7. DONG Y, et al. Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detecting Severity and Predicting Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Neurotrauma Reports, 2022; 3: 261–75.
8. DUARTE DC, et al. Psychiatric Disorders in Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Scoping Review. Heliyon, 2023; 9: e12905.
9. DUCOS, Y, AGHAKHANI N. Prognostic Factors for Unfavorable Outcome after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. A Review of Literature. Neurochirurgie, 2021; 67: 259–64.
10. FERRARA M, et al. Glymphatic System a Window on TBI Pathophysiology: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022; 23: 9138.
11. FERRUCCI JL, et al. Comparação dos aspectos funcionais da deglutição e indicadores clínicos em pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico em UTI. CoDAS, 2019; 31: e20170278.
12. FORDINGTON S, MARK M. A Review of Seizures and Epilepsy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurology, 2020; 267: 3105–11.
13. GARCIA TS, CABRAL FD. Atuação fisioterapêutica no tratamento intensivo do paciente com traumatismo crânio-encefálico - TCE. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação, 2022;8.
14. GHAITH HS, et al. A Literature Review of Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarkers. Molecular Neurobiology, 2022; 59: 4141–58.
15. HOWLETT JR, et al. Mental Health Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury. Biological Psychiatry, 2022; 91: 413–20.
16. JOHNSON LW, et al. Factors Influencing Recovery from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury, 2020; 34: 1202–12.
17. JOYCE JM, et al. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Traumatic Brain Injury and Subconcussive Hits: A Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2022; 39: 1455–76.
18. KHAKI D, et al. Selection of CT Variables and Prognostic Models for Outcome Prediction in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 2021; 29: 94.
19. KLEFFELGAARD I, et al. The Effects of Vestibular Rehabilitation on Dizziness and Balance Problems in Patients after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical Rehabilitation, 2019; 33: 74–84.
20. LAING J, et al. Risk Factors and Prognosis of Early Posttraumatic Seizures in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. JAMA Neurology, 2022; 79: 334.
21. MAGALHÃES ALG, et al. Traumatic brain injury in Brazil: an epidemiological study and systematic review of the literature. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2022; 80: 410–23.
22. MARIANELLI M, et al. Traumatismo Cranioencefálico grave e suas possíveis sequelas cognitivas, emocionais e o impacto na qualidade de vida: Uma abordagem descritiva / Severe Traumatic Brain injury and its possible cognitive and emotional sequelae as well as impact on quality of life: A descriptive approach. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2020; 3: 19691–700.
23. MOLLAYEVA T, et al. The Course and Prognostic Factors of Cognitive Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2019; 99: 198–250.
24. OLIVEIRA SG, et al. Tratamento cirurgico de traumatismo cranioencefálico com afundamento no Brasil nos anos de 2014 a 2018. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2020; 3: 1368–83.
25. OSTERMANN RC, et al. Risk Factors Predicting Prognosis and Outcome of Elderly Patients with Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2018; 13: 277.
26. PALMIERI M, et al. Diffuse Axonal Injury: Clinical Prognostic Factors, Molecular Experimental Models and the Impact of the Trauma Related Oxidative Stress. An Extensive Review Concerning Milestones and Advances. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021; 22: 10865.
27. PAVLOVIC D, et al. Traumatic Brain Injury: Neuropathological, Neurocognitive and Neurobehavioral Sequelae. Pituitary, 2019; 22: 270–82.
28. RETEL HELMRICH IRA, et al. Prognostic Research in Traumatic Brain Injury: Markers, Modeling, and Methodological Principles. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2021; 38: 2502–13.
29. RODRIGUES BC, et al. Relação do manejo adequado da Pressão Intracraniana nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva com o prognóstico do paciente com Traumatismo Cranioencefálico / Relacion of proper management of Intracranial Pressure in Intensive Care Units with the prognosis of the patient with Cranioencephalic Trauma. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2021; 4: 22571–89.
30. ROSI JUNIOR J. Avaliação prospectiva de fatores prognósticos do traumatismo crânio encefálico. Universidade de São Paulo, 2018.
31. SANTOS, JDC. Traumatismo cranioencefálico no Brasil: análise epidemiológica. Revista Científica da Escola Estadual de Saúde Pública de Goiás “Cândido Santiago”, 2020.
32. SHARBAFSHAAER M, et al. Traumatic brain injury (TBI): exploring degrees and causes of TBI in mental health impairment by comprising gender differences. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 2020; 69: 263–68.
33. SHARMA B, et al. Prognostic-Factors for Neurodegeneration in Chronic Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review Protocol. Systematic Reviews, 2020; 9: 23.
34. SILVA SOUZA M, et al. Funcionalidade de indivíduos pós-traumatismo cranioencefálico: um estudo de coorte. Revista Neurociências, 2021; 29.
35. SIPONKOSKI ST, et al. Music Therapy Enhances Executive Functions and Prefrontal Structural Neuroplasticity after Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2020; 37: 618–34.
36. SUSANTO M, et al. The Neuroprotective Effect of Statin in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurgery: X, 2023; 19: 100211.
37. SVEEN U, et al. Rehabilitation Interventions after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022; 44: 653–60.
38. ZAMPIERI FG, et al. Efeitos Da Solução Balanceada Em Desfechos de Curto Prazo Em Pacientes Com Traumatismo Craniencefálico: Uma Análise Secundária Do Ensaio Clínico Randomizado BaSICS. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 2022; 34.
39. ZANINOTTO AL, et al. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Effects on Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Recovery: A Systematic Review. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 2019; 13: 172–79.
2. BERTOTTI MM, et al. Glasgow Coma Scale Pupil Score (GCS-P) and the Hospital Mortality in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Analysis of 1,066 Brazilian Patients. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2023; 81: 452–59.
3. BONSALE R, et al. The Long-Term Exercise after Traumatic Brain Injury: Reharmonizing Brain by Sound Body. Brain Research, 2023; 1816: 148471.
4. BROWN AW, et al. Predictive Utility of an Adapted Marshall Head CT Classification Scheme after Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury, 2019; 33: 610–17.
5. ÇELIK K, DEMIRYUREK BE. The association between intracranial pressure and optic nerve sheath diameter on patients with head trauma. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2021; 79: 879–85.
6. CHARRY, JD, et al. Outcomes of traumatic brain injury: the prognostic accuracy of various scores and models. Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska, 2018, p. VM/OJS/J/61576.
7. DONG Y, et al. Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detecting Severity and Predicting Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. Neurotrauma Reports, 2022; 3: 261–75.
8. DUARTE DC, et al. Psychiatric Disorders in Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Scoping Review. Heliyon, 2023; 9: e12905.
9. DUCOS, Y, AGHAKHANI N. Prognostic Factors for Unfavorable Outcome after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. A Review of Literature. Neurochirurgie, 2021; 67: 259–64.
10. FERRARA M, et al. Glymphatic System a Window on TBI Pathophysiology: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022; 23: 9138.
11. FERRUCCI JL, et al. Comparação dos aspectos funcionais da deglutição e indicadores clínicos em pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico em UTI. CoDAS, 2019; 31: e20170278.
12. FORDINGTON S, MARK M. A Review of Seizures and Epilepsy Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Neurology, 2020; 267: 3105–11.
13. GARCIA TS, CABRAL FD. Atuação fisioterapêutica no tratamento intensivo do paciente com traumatismo crânio-encefálico - TCE. Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação, 2022;8.
14. GHAITH HS, et al. A Literature Review of Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarkers. Molecular Neurobiology, 2022; 59: 4141–58.
15. HOWLETT JR, et al. Mental Health Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury. Biological Psychiatry, 2022; 91: 413–20.
16. JOHNSON LW, et al. Factors Influencing Recovery from Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Injury, 2020; 34: 1202–12.
17. JOYCE JM, et al. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Traumatic Brain Injury and Subconcussive Hits: A Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2022; 39: 1455–76.
18. KHAKI D, et al. Selection of CT Variables and Prognostic Models for Outcome Prediction in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 2021; 29: 94.
19. KLEFFELGAARD I, et al. The Effects of Vestibular Rehabilitation on Dizziness and Balance Problems in Patients after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical Rehabilitation, 2019; 33: 74–84.
20. LAING J, et al. Risk Factors and Prognosis of Early Posttraumatic Seizures in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. JAMA Neurology, 2022; 79: 334.
21. MAGALHÃES ALG, et al. Traumatic brain injury in Brazil: an epidemiological study and systematic review of the literature. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2022; 80: 410–23.
22. MARIANELLI M, et al. Traumatismo Cranioencefálico grave e suas possíveis sequelas cognitivas, emocionais e o impacto na qualidade de vida: Uma abordagem descritiva / Severe Traumatic Brain injury and its possible cognitive and emotional sequelae as well as impact on quality of life: A descriptive approach. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2020; 3: 19691–700.
23. MOLLAYEVA T, et al. The Course and Prognostic Factors of Cognitive Outcomes after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2019; 99: 198–250.
24. OLIVEIRA SG, et al. Tratamento cirurgico de traumatismo cranioencefálico com afundamento no Brasil nos anos de 2014 a 2018. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2020; 3: 1368–83.
25. OSTERMANN RC, et al. Risk Factors Predicting Prognosis and Outcome of Elderly Patients with Isolated Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2018; 13: 277.
26. PALMIERI M, et al. Diffuse Axonal Injury: Clinical Prognostic Factors, Molecular Experimental Models and the Impact of the Trauma Related Oxidative Stress. An Extensive Review Concerning Milestones and Advances. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021; 22: 10865.
27. PAVLOVIC D, et al. Traumatic Brain Injury: Neuropathological, Neurocognitive and Neurobehavioral Sequelae. Pituitary, 2019; 22: 270–82.
28. RETEL HELMRICH IRA, et al. Prognostic Research in Traumatic Brain Injury: Markers, Modeling, and Methodological Principles. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2021; 38: 2502–13.
29. RODRIGUES BC, et al. Relação do manejo adequado da Pressão Intracraniana nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva com o prognóstico do paciente com Traumatismo Cranioencefálico / Relacion of proper management of Intracranial Pressure in Intensive Care Units with the prognosis of the patient with Cranioencephalic Trauma. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2021; 4: 22571–89.
30. ROSI JUNIOR J. Avaliação prospectiva de fatores prognósticos do traumatismo crânio encefálico. Universidade de São Paulo, 2018.
31. SANTOS, JDC. Traumatismo cranioencefálico no Brasil: análise epidemiológica. Revista Científica da Escola Estadual de Saúde Pública de Goiás “Cândido Santiago”, 2020.
32. SHARBAFSHAAER M, et al. Traumatic brain injury (TBI): exploring degrees and causes of TBI in mental health impairment by comprising gender differences. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 2020; 69: 263–68.
33. SHARMA B, et al. Prognostic-Factors for Neurodegeneration in Chronic Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review Protocol. Systematic Reviews, 2020; 9: 23.
34. SILVA SOUZA M, et al. Funcionalidade de indivíduos pós-traumatismo cranioencefálico: um estudo de coorte. Revista Neurociências, 2021; 29.
35. SIPONKOSKI ST, et al. Music Therapy Enhances Executive Functions and Prefrontal Structural Neuroplasticity after Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Neurotrauma, 2020; 37: 618–34.
36. SUSANTO M, et al. The Neuroprotective Effect of Statin in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurgery: X, 2023; 19: 100211.
37. SVEEN U, et al. Rehabilitation Interventions after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022; 44: 653–60.
38. ZAMPIERI FG, et al. Efeitos Da Solução Balanceada Em Desfechos de Curto Prazo Em Pacientes Com Traumatismo Craniencefálico: Uma Análise Secundária Do Ensaio Clínico Randomizado BaSICS. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva, 2022; 34.
39. ZANINOTTO AL, et al. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Effects on Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Recovery: A Systematic Review. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 2019; 13: 172–79.