La influencia de la consejería anticonceptiva en la elección de la anticoncepción reversible de acción prolongada
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la influencia y las barreras del asesoramiento anticonceptivo en la elección de métodos anticonceptivos a largo plazo. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, retrospectivo y transversal realizado a través de una revisión integradora. Se utilizaron las plataformas PubMed y Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library (VHL). Los descriptores utilizados fueron "Anticonceptivo", "Asesoramiento", "Anticoncepción reversible de acción prolongada" y "Embarazo no deseado". Los criterios de inclusión fueron: artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años (2018-2023) y estudios del ensayo clínico, estudio clínico controlado o estudio observacional. Se excluyeron los artículos que no se ajustaban al tema y los que estaban duplicados en las bases de datos. Resultados: Se observó que una gran parte de la población elegible para usar métodos anticonceptivos reversibles de acción prolongada (LARC) no los utiliza. La falta de conocimiento sobre estos anticonceptivos por parte de los profesionales y la identificación de la población que se beneficiaría del uso de LARCs, la falta de técnica en su inserción generando inseguridad, los mitos sobre tales métodos y las consultas de asesoramiento anticonceptivo ineficaces explican la baja adherencia. Considereciones finales: Consideró que una adecuada formación de los profesionales mejora la indicación de estos métodos, generando mayor adherencia y seguridad en su elección.
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