Microbiota intestinal e seu papel na saúde mental
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Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de intervenções com probióticos, prebióticos e dieta na melhoria dos sintomas de transtornos mentais, como depressão e ansiedade, e seu impacto na vida dos pacientes. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases PubMed, CAPES e BVS, usando os descritores "Mental Disorders", "Gut Microbiota" e "Probiotics" e obtendo o truncamento de pesquisa: (Critical Care) AND (Intensive Care Units) AND (Surgical Procedures, Operative) AND (Patient Monitoring). Foram incluídos 18 artigos dos últimos 5 anos, excluindo-se estudos que não atendiam ao objetivo da pesquisa. Resultados: Evidências sugerem que dietas e probióticos podem influenciar a saúde mental, principalmente pela modulação da microbiota intestinal. Intervenções probióticas mostraram potencial para melhorar sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, reduzindo inflamações e modulando o eixo intestino-cérebro. No entanto, os resultados variam devido a limitações, como a falta de padronização e a curta duração dos estudos. A eficácia é promissora, mas mais pesquisas são necessárias para confirmar efeitos a longo prazo e entender melhor os mecanismos subjacentes. Considerações finais: Probióticos têm potencial terapêutico na saúde mental, especialmente em casos de depressão e ansiedade, ao melhorar a microbiota intestinal e reduzir inflamações. No entanto, são necessárias mais pesquisas para padronizar dosagens e entender lacunas.
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