Efectos del uso de aspirina en la prevención de la preeclampsia en mujeres embarazadas de alto riesgo

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Sara Cristina Santos Corrêa
Ana Laura Lourenço Vieira Manzan
Júlia Ribeiro e Lima
Bruna Beatriz de Souza Santos
Thallita Pereira de Pina
Camila de Barros Canabrava César
Mariana Morais Farina
Maria Eduarda de Almeida Nascimento
Thiaggo Nunes Dias Barbosa
Marcela de Andrade Silvestre

Resumen

Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del uso profiláctico de aspirina para reducir la incidencia de preeclampsia en mujeres embarazadas de alto riesgo. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura realizada a través de las bases de datos PubMED, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y Periódicos CAPES, utilizando los descriptores: ”Aspirina”, “Efectos”, “Preeclampsia”, “Prevención” y obtención el truncamiento de la búsqueda: (Efectos) AND (Aspirina) AND (Prevención) AND (Preeclampsia). Se encontraron 1.122 artículos, filtrados según criterios de inclusión (idiomas portugués, inglés y español; período de 2019 a 2024; artículos completos) y exclusión (artículos duplicados, resúmenes, fuera de alcance). Resultados: Se recomienda la aspirina para mejorar los resultados perinatales, especialmente cuando se inicia entre las semanas 11 y 16 de gestación. Sin embargo, la adherencia al tratamiento es baja, lo que afecta a la eficacia, ya que hasta el 50% de las mujeres embarazadas no siguen las recomendaciones. Factores como la falta de información y las preocupaciones sobre los efectos adversos contribuyen a esta resistencia, y aunque la aspirina muestra beneficios, todavía existen desafíos como la resistencia al tratamiento y las variaciones en la respuesta. Consideraciones finales: El uso profiláctico de aspirina es eficaz para reducir la preeclampsia en mujeres embarazadas de alto riesgo. Sin embargo, se necesitan estudios adicionales para optimizar el uso de la aspirina y maximizar sus beneficios.

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Cómo citar
CorrêaS. C. S., ManzanA. L. L. V., LimaJ. R. e, SantosB. B. de S., PinaT. P. de, CésarC. de B. C., FarinaM. M., NascimentoM. E. de A., BarbosaT. N. D., & SilvestreM. de A. (2025). Efectos del uso de aspirina en la prevención de la preeclampsia en mujeres embarazadas de alto riesgo. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Médico, 25, e19088. https://doi.org/10.25248/reamed.e19088.2025
Sección
Revisão Bibliográfica

Citas

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