An analysis of the clinical aspects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Abstract
Objective: Explore the clinical features of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Bibliographic review: OSA is a condition defined by the blockage of the airways during sleep, leading to episodes of apnea or hypopnea, which must last at least 10 seconds. These respiratory pauses cause intermittent hypoxia (IH) that generates several consequences in the body and corroborates the appearance of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The main symptoms are persistent snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which directly affect the quality of life of the affected patient. The main risk factors are obesity and craniofacial anatomical abnormalities. Diagnosis is made by clinical data and polysomnography (PSG). The gold standard treatment is the use of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, but its effectiveness depends on adherence. Final considerations: It can be considered that diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment are essential for the adequate management of OSA with the aim of improving the well-being and quality of life of patients affected by this pathology.
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