O papel dos biomarcadores moleculares no linfoma não Hodgkin
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Resumo
Objetivo: Realizar a identificação dos biomarcadores moleculares com maior capacidade preditiva para auxiliar no diagnóstico, na definição prognóstica e na avaliação da resposta às terapias individualizadas em indivíduos com linfoma não Hodgkin (LNH). Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, realizada por meio de busca nas bases científicas Pubmed, Scielo e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Foram selecionados 24 estudos publicados, priorizando ensaios clínicos, estudos prospectivos, retrospectivos e multicêntricos, que abordaram biomarcadores moleculares associados aos desfechos clínicos em pacientes com LNH. Resultados: Os estudos analisados destacaram que biomarcadores como TP53, MYC, BCL2, KMT2D, CREBBP, SOCS1, além da análise do DNA tumoral circulante (ctDNA), são fundamentais para estratificação prognóstica e definição de estratégias terapêuticas em LNH. Além disso, a identificação de clusters moleculares (MCD, BN2, EZB, ST2 e N1) e a classificação pela célula de origem (COO) possibilitam uma predição mais precisa dos desfechos clínicos, especialmente em terapias como CAR-T e anticorpos biespecíficos. Considerações finais: Os biomarcadores moleculares otimizam o diagnóstico e o manejo terapêutico dos LNH, porém a heterogeneidade metodológica limita a generalização dos resultados.
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