Keywords
Gastroenterology
Gastrointestinal microbiome
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Bibliographic Review: IBS is one of the most common disorders of gut-brain interactions (formerly called functional gastrointestinal disorders) and is estimated to affect about 1 in 10 people worldwide. Its clinical presentation is characterized by abdominal pain associated with a change in stool frequency or shape, in the absence of organic disease. Factors involved in pathogenesis include environmental and host factors such as food intolerance, antibiotics, enteric infections, altered pain perception and altered brain-gut interaction, dysbiosis, and psychosocial stressors. Final considerations: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic and recurrent functional gastrointestinal disorder. The diagnosis of IBS, according to the Rome IV criteria, requires that patients have had recurrent abdominal pain (at least 1 day/week in the last 3 months) related to defecation, an associated change in stool frequency, and/or a associated in the form of feces. Its treatment is based on pharmacological measures that depend on the type of IBS, whether with diarrhea or not, in addition to dietary measures.
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