The complications of endometriosis and it's effects in fertility

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the main complications of endometriosis, especially those related to fertility, and how to minimize them. Bibliographic Review: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease, with a poorly understood and complex etiopathogenesis, characterized by the presence of stroma and endometrial glands outside the uterine cavity, being estrogen dependent. Infertility affects 30-50% of women of reproductive age with endometriosis, as this condition significantly generates inflammation of the pelvic structures and causes damage to the tissues involved. Endometriosis can also cause hormonal changes in the endometrial environment - impairing egg implantation, pelvic anatomical abnormalities and dyspareunia. There are different treatments to be used depending on the severity and individuality of the case, namely: hormonal drugs, whose functions vary between stimulating ovulation and reducing lesions; surgical, such as laparoscopy or laparotomy; and assisted reproduction techniques, such as Intrauterine Insemination and In Vitro Fertilization. Final considerations: Endometriosis is an important cause of infertility in women of reproductive age and can become a serious disease if not treated early. On the other hand, there are alternatives for treatment and success in pregnancy attempts for these patients.