Keywords
Young adults
Health
Consequences
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the factors associated with energy drink consumption and its repercussions on the health of young people. Methods: A qualitative integrative review with a time frame from 2020 to 2025. Data collection was guided by the PICO strategy and conducted in the PubMed and BVS databases, using DeCS/MeSH descriptors combined with the AND operator. Original articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included. After duplicate removal, 63 studies were analyzed regarding location, journal, authors, objectives, and level of evidence. Results: The studies indicate that energy drink consumption among young people is associated with acute negative effects on cardiovascular, autonomic, metabolic, and behavioral parameters, even in healthy individuals. Notable findings include increased blood pressure, changes in heart rate, sleep disturbances, symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as associations with alcohol and tobacco use. Continued consumption was also observed despite awareness of the risks. Final considerations: The study highlights the consistency of findings across different populations and reinforces the health risks associated with energy drink consumption among youth. As a limitation, the predominance of cross-sectional designs and reliance on self-reported data may affect the accuracy and causality of the results.
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