Keywords
Health Profile
Brazil
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of individuals diagnosed with thyroid carcinoma in Brazil between 2020 and 2025. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, using secondary data from the Oncology Panel of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The study population consisted of all registered cases of thyroid carcinoma in the period. Results: National incidence showed a non-linear trajectory, with a sharp increase from 6,528 cases (2020) to 9,696 (2023), followed by an abrupt decline to 3,275 (2025). There was a strong sexual dimorphism, with a female-to-male ratio ranging from 5:1 to 6:1, and an incidence peak in the 40-69 age group (29,012 cases). The Southeast region presented the highest absolute volume of cases, while the Northeast region showed a more stable incidence profile and a younger age distribution. The staging analysis was severely compromised, with 98% of cases lacking this recorded information, which prevented the assessment of the relationship between disease stage and other variables. Conclusion: The study highlights how Brazilian thyroid carcinoma diagnosis patterns differ from the global increase, suggesting underreporting and barriers to access.
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