Potential diagnostic and therapeutic methods in Cardiorenal Syndrome due to Heart Failure: an integrative review

Abstract

Objective: To analyze and discuss scientific productions about potential diagnostic and therapeutic methods for patients with Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) resulting from heart failure. Methods: Integrative literature review with search in Scielo, Lilacs and Pubmed databases published in the last 5 years. Found 436 studies and 13 studies were selected to compose the collection. Results: It was observed that renal involvement due to hypoperfusion resulting from reduced cardiac output and hypotension. Diagnosis can rely on cardiac and renal biochemical markers related to the pathophysiology, including BNP, NT-pro-BNP and cTnI. Therapeutic methods such as the association of diuretics in renal complication, the use of furosemide incrementally and the possibility of peritoneal dialysis in refractory patients, which may help in a positive prognosis and consequently reduce the mortality rate. Final considerations: The context of CRS due to heart failure reveals that diagnostic methods can be complemented by cardiac and renal biochemical markers. However, clinical studies are needed to improve the understanding of the causes of diuretic resistance and the possibility of new therapeutic methods.