Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la efectividad de estrategias para prevenir el cáncer de piel melanoma. Métodos: El presente estudio es un enfoque cualitativo, retrospectivo y transversal realizado a través de una revisión integradora de la literatura. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (Pubmed) y el Portal Regional de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS). Luego de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se encontraron un total de 14 artículos. Resultados: Através de los estudios analizados, se observó que estrategias efectivas consistieron en brindar material educativo, capacitar a los profesionales de la salud y presentar un autorretrato fotoenvejecido. El mapeo corporal total fue competente en pacientes con alto riesgo de desarrollar melanoma y los dosímetros de exposición a la radiación UV no obtuvieron buenos resultados, lo que puede estar relacionado con el mal uso de protector solar. Consideraciones finales: Se concluye que las estrategias de prevención deben centrarse en la información sobre las características de las lesiones melanóticas y los factores de riesgo. Además de incentivar la reducción de la exposición solar y el uso de prácticas de protección solar. Sin embargo, es necesario que los profesionales de la salud tengan conocimientos sobre este tema.
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