Palabras clave
Enfermedades neurológicas
Cuidados al final de la vida
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Resumen
Objetivo: Explorar la práctica de los cuidados paliativos en pacientes neurológicos, enfocándonos en la eficacia de estos cuidados para mejorar la calidad de vida y reducir el sufrimiento en contextos de enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos PubMed y Portal Regional de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud del Ministerio de Salud, utilizando los descriptores "Cuidados Paliativos", "Paciente", "Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso" y "Cuidados Terminales". Se seleccionaron 26 artículos que abordaban diferentes aspectos de los cuidados paliativos en pacientes neurológicos. Resultados: El análisis de los artículos reveló una variedad de resultados, destacando la eficacia de los cuidados paliativos en la mejora del confort y en la gestión de síntomas, especialmente en pacientes con tumores cerebrales y demencia. Sin embargo, se identificaron desafíos significativos, incluyendo la variación en la calidad y accesibilidad de los servicios de cuidados paliativos, además de obstáculos culturales y educativos que afectan su implementación efectiva. Consideraciones finales: Esta revisión subraya la importancia crítica de los cuidados paliativos en pacientes neurológicos, resaltando la necesidad de estrategias dirigidas para mejorar la educación de los profesionales de la salud, promover discusiones tempranas sobre la planificación de cuidados y fortalecer el apoyo a los cuidadores familiares. Las inversiones en investigación son fundamentales para adaptar y validar enfoques que maximicen el beneficio de los cuidados paliativos.
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