Palabras clave
Enfermedades infecciosas
Desafíos
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar los desafíos de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos en el manejo de enfermedades infecciosas y enumerar estrategias para controlar esta resistencia. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada a través de búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMED, Periódico CAPES y BVS, utilizando los descriptores: “Bacteria”; “Enfermedades transmisibles”; “Farmacoresistencia Bacteriana”; “Infecciones bacterianas”; “Resultado del tratamiento” y obteniendo el truncamiento de la búsqueda: (“Resistencia a los medicamentos, microbiana” O “Bacterias”) AND (“Enfermedades infecciosas” O “Infecciones bacterianas”) AND (Resultado del tratamiento). Se incluyeron 18 artículos publicados en los últimos 2 años y disponibles íntegramente, quedando excluidos aquellos que no respondieron al objetivo de la investigación. Resultados: Los principales desafíos en la resistencia a los antimicrobianos en enfermedades infecciosas son: la necesidad de nuevas investigaciones y antimicrobianos eficaces, la prescripción inadecuada y la proliferación de bacterias resistentes en los hospitales. El desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos enfrenta obstáculos económicos y una falta de estandarización, mientras que la prescripción médica inadecuada agrava el problema. Además, la transmisión de bacterias resistentes se ve intensificada por prácticas inadecuadas de higiene y uso de EPI, además de la dificultad para aislar a los pacientes infectados. Conclusión: Se concluye que, a pesar de los avances, persisten desafíos en el manejo de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos, requiriendo investigación enfocada en nuevos antibióticos, prescripción juiciosa y educación sobre el uso correcto de los antimicrobianos.
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