Palabras clave
Obesidad
Síndrome metabólico
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre el síndrome metabólico y el riesgo cardiovascular en adultos, identificando los principales factores implicados y sus implicaciones clínicas en la prevención y manejo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora de la literatura realizada a través de las bases de datos PubMED, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y Periódica CAPES, utilizando los descriptores: “Síndrome Metabólico”, “Riesgo Cardiovascular”, “Adultos” y “Obesidad” y obteniendo el truncamiento de búsqueda: (Síndrome Metabólico) AND (Enfermedad Cardiovascular) AND (Riesgo Cardiovascular) AND (Adulto) AND (Obesidad). Se encontraron 12.208 artículos, filtrados según criterios de inclusión (portugués, inglés y español; período de 2020 a 2025; artículos completos) y criterios de exclusión (artículos duplicados, resúmenes, fuera de alcance). Resultados: El perfil metabólico de la obesidad, y no sólo el IMC, define el riesgo cardiovascular a través de la inflamación y la resistencia a la insulina, requiriendo una evaluación integral y un seguimiento continuo, ya que el estado “metabólicamente saludable” puede ser transitorio. Consideraciones finales: La evaluación del riesgo cardiovascular en la obesidad debe ir más allá del IMC, priorizando el análisis de fenotipos metabólicos, inflamación y resistencia a la insulina.
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