Archivos suplementarios
Palabras clave
Período postoperatorio
Prevención de enfermidades
Procedimientos quirúrgicos operativos
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Resumen
Objetivo: Investigar posibles formas de prevención del delirio en el postoperatorio. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura con enfoque cualitativo, con base en la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PubMed) y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), con artículos publicados entre 2016 y 2021, disponibles de forma totalmente gratuita en medios electrónicos y estudios del tipo ensayos clínicos, aleatorizados o no aleatorizados, estudios de casos y controles y estudios de cohortes. Resultados: Se utilizaron fármacos ya conocidos en el medio hospitalario, con diferentes dosis y formas de administración, y estrategias no farmacológicas en un intento de evitar la aparición del delirio. Entre los artículos seleccionados, el 44% tuvo éxito en la prevención del delirio postoperatorio debido a la interacción de los fármacos utilizados que actuaron en la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad. Consideraciones finales: El estudio demostró que es posible reducir la incidencia del delirio postoperatorio con ciertos fármacos y, en consecuencia, prevenir esta patología, sin embargo, tiene limitaciones para estandarizar este tratamiento.
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