HELLP Syndrome: diagnostic parameters and timely treatment

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the clinical criteria and complementary parameters for early diagnosis in cases of HELLP syndrome to ensure timely treatment and reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Methods: Scientific study conducted through a bibliographic survey of articles published between the years 2017 to 2022 indexed in the databases of Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed). Results: Clinical criteria and complementary diagnostic parameters, especially the Tennessee and Mississippi criteria, are useful in identifying the pathology, moreover, clinical manifestations added to biomarkers of cellular hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia enable the recognition of the disease and, when analyzed early, improve maternal-fetal outcome, avoiding inherent complications. Treatment ranges from conservative to surgical, with no specific pharmacological therapy, but delivery with placental removal is the definitive treatment. Final considerations: An early diagnostic and therapeutic approach is indispensable to avoid deleterious repercussions on the health of the pregnant woman and the baby. The identification of parameters that predict the evolution of the disease is paramount for defining subsequent conducts, reducing morbidity and mortality, and improving the quality of life of this group.