Keywords
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis
Gastroenterology
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Abstract
Objective: To review in a didactic way the pathophysiology and treatment of Acute Pancreatitis (AP). Bibliographic review: AP is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, being obstruction secondary to biliary lithiasis and alcohol abuse the predominant causes of the disease. They have a worldwide prevalence of 34 cases per 100.000 individual per year. The pathophysiology of AP is linked to activation of pancreatic enzymes inside the own pancreatic tissue. The diagnosis of AP is made by the presence of two of possible three criteria: abdominal pain, increased lipase or amylase, or image findings. The severity of AP is given by the Atlanta classification and its main complications are necrosis and infection of the pancreatic tissue. The treatment of AP is made by fluid resuscitation, analgesia, oxygenotherapy and nutrition of the individual. Final considerations: AP is a pathology with a complex pathophysiology. Its rapid diagnosis and early treatment is necessary to avoid complications for the patient.
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