Keywords
Women's Health
Gynecology
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the detection of specific types of HPV in the screening and management of cervical cancer. Literature review: HPV is a DNA virus capable of infecting the squamous epithelium and inducing the formation of lesions. Most infections regress spontaneously, however, some cases may result in precursor lesions, which, if left untreated, increase the risk of cervical cancer. HPV types can be classified into two groups, according to their carcinogenic potential: high risk or low risk. HPV-16 is considered the most oncogenic, followed by 18. To improve early detection of HPV, molecular tests of DNA-HPV have been used, capable of identifying the presence of oncogenic types. Final considerations: Molecular tests have greater sensitivity and can be an effective alternative in patient follow-up. However, attempts to reduce cases of cervical cancer remain a challenge for the health system. Furthermore, subtypes 16 and 18 are the most related to the development of this type of cancer, demonstrating the importance of screening in sexually active patients.
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