Keywords
Trauma
Conservative treatment
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Abstract
Objective: To elucidate the management of splenic trauma, with an emphasis on conservative treatment. Methods: This is an integrative literature review involving a search for articles in Portuguese and English using specific search terms and descriptors. Theoretical sources were obtained from four online databases, and articles were selected based on well-defined criteria. A total of 154 articles were analyzed, and 21 were included. Results: In cases where hemodynamically stable patients could be treated in hospitals equipped for splenic artery embolization, this intervention was indicated. Disagreements arose primarily regarding embolization methodology, as well as the indications, timing, and necessity of interventions beyond embolization. Non-operative management may or may not involve embolization of the organ. Final considerations: Non-operative treatment is well-indicated for stable adults and children, with consistent literature support for AAST grades up to III; however, there is disagreement regarding higher-grade injuries. The higher the injury grade, the lower the likelihood of success with conservative treatment; nevertheless, greater standardization of procedural criteria and the organization of service equipment and resources are needed to avoid bias in these results.
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