Resumo
Objetivo: Descrever a produção científica acerca da alteração da microbiota intestinal pelo uso de substâncias terapêuticas e a influência nos distúrbios neurodegenerativos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio das bases National Library of Medicine (PubMed) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), com recorte temporal de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: Utilizando os descritores estabelecidos, foram obtidos 121 artigos e destes, 34 foram excluídos por não apresentar relação com o tema, 60 por serem revisões, 8 por duplicidade em bases de dados e 1 por estar fora do recorte temporal. Por fim, foram selecionados 18 artigos para composição do grupo amostral. Os resultados foram organizados em três categorias: Importância da microbiota intestinal para o sistema nervoso, substâncias terapêuticas e a alteração da microbiota intestinal e o impacto da alteração da microbiota intestinal nos distúrbios neurodegenerativos. Considerações finais: A microbiota intestinal tem um papel fundamental no eixo intestino-cérebro, evidenciando que a disbiose possui relação nas patologias neurodegenerativas. Os ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (SCFAs), o β-glucano e probióticos apresentam influencia especialmente na Doença de Parkinson e na Doença de Alzheimer, com prevenção, melhora do quadro e retardo da evolução.
Referências
ANGELUCCI F, et al. Antibiotcs, gut microbiota, and Alzheimer´s disease. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2019; 16(108).
ARTEM PG, et al. Effect of long-term methylene blue treatment on the composition of mouse gut microbiome and its relationship with the cognitive abilities of mice. Rev. Plos One, 2020; 15(11).
BECATTINI S, et al. Antibiotic-Induced Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota and Disease. Trends in Molecular Medicin, 2016; 22(6): 458–478.
BHATTARAI Y, et al. Role of gut microbiota in regulating gastrointestinal dysfunction and motor symptoms in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Gut microbes, 2021; 13(2).
BONFILI L, et al. Strategic Modification of Gut Microbiota through Oral Bacteriotherapy Influences Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α: Therapeutic Implication in Alzheimer's Disease. MPDI, 2021.
CHEN Y, et al. Regulation of neurotransmitters by the gut microbiota and effects on cognition in neurological disoders. Nutrients, 2021; 13(2099).
COSTA TP e MEDEIROS CIS. Repercussão da microbiota intestinal na modulação do sistema nervoso central e sua relação com doenças neurológicas. Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol., 2020; 19(2): 342-346.
CRYAN JF, et al. The microbiota-gut-brain axis. Physiol Ver., 2019; 99: 1877–2013.
DIANA S, et al. Polyphenols in the management of brain disorders: Modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Rev. Adv Food Nutr Res., 2020; 91(1): 1-127.
GUBERT C, et al. Exercise, diet and stress as modulators of gut microbiota: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiology of Disease, 2020; 134(104621).
JOHNSON SL, et al. Equol, a Blood-Brain Barrier Permeable Gut Microbial Metabolite of Dietary Isoflavone Daidzein, Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects against Neurotoxins Induced Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Plant Foods Hum Nutr., 2020; 75(4): 512-517.
KIM S, et al. Tetragonia tetragonioides Protected against Memory Dysfunction by Elevating Hippocampal Amyloid-ß Deposition through Potentiating Insulin Signaling and Altering Gut Microbiome Composition. Rev. Int J Mol Sci., 2020; 21(8).
LIU Y, et al. Effects of dihydroartemisinin on the intestinal microbiome of mice. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2020; 22(2): 707-714.
MINTER MR, et al. Antibiotic-induced perturbations in microbial diversity during post-natal development alters amyloid pathology in an aged APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 murine model of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep., 2017; 7(1): 10411.
MONICA F, et al. Changes of intestinal microbiota i early life. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2018; 33(6): 1036-1043.
MURROS KE, et al. Desulfovibrio Bacteria Are Associated with Parkinson’s Disease. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., 2021.
PAIXÃO LA e CASTRO FFS. A colonização da microbiota intestinal e sua influência na saúde do hospedeiro. Ciências da Saúde, 2016; 14(1): 85-96.
QIN J, et al. A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature, 2010; 464(7285): 59-65.
SHI H, et al. ß-glucan attenuates cognitive impairment via the gut-brain axis in diet-induced obese mice. Rev. Microbiome, 2020; 8(1): 143.
SHI H, et al. Microbiota-accessible carbohydrate supplement prevents neuroinflammation and cognitive decline by improving gut microbiota-brain axis in diet-induced obese mice. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2020; 77.
SORBONI SG, et al. A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders. Clinical Microbiology Reviews , 2022; 35(1).
SYEDA T, et al. Bioactive Food Abates Metabolic and Synaptic Alterations by Modulation of Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 2018; 66(4): 1657-1682.
TAN FHP, et al. Lactobacillus probiotics improved the gut microbiota profile of a Drosophila melanogaster Alzheimer's disease model and alleviated neurodegeneration in the eye. Benef Microbes, 2020; 11(1): 79-89.
TOBIAS H, et al. Interventional influence of the gut microbiome through dietary intervention and bowel cleansing may improve motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease. Cells, 2020; 9(2): 376.
WANG H, et al. The gut microbiota confers protection in the CNS against neurodegeneration induced by manganism. Biomed Pharmacother., 2020; 127(110150).
WU J, et al. Parasite-Derived Excretory-Secretory Products Alleviate Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Improve Cognitive Impairment Induced by a High-Fat Diet. Rev. Font Immunol., 2021.
XU M, et al. Yeast β-glucan alleviates cognitive impairment by regulating gut microbiota and metabolites in Aβ 1 – 42-induced AD-like mice. Internation Journal Biological Macromolecules, 2020; (161): 258-270.
YUAN T, et al. ApoE-Dependent Protective Effects of Sesamol on High-Fat Diet-Induced Behavioral Disorders: Regulation of the Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis. J Agric Food Chem ., 2019; 67(22): 6190-6201.
ZHEN-ZHEN SUN, et al. Bidirectional interactions between curcumin and gut microbiota in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Applied microbial and cell physiology, 2019; 104(8): 3507-3515.
