Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos da deficiência estrogênica durante a transição menopausal e os impactos da terapia hormonal da menopausa sobre metabolismo, inflamação, função cardiovascular, óssea e musculoesquelética. Revisão bibliográfica: A transição menopausal é marcada pela queda dos níveis de estrogênio, resultando em alterações metabólicas, inflamatórias e hormonais. O hipoestrogenismo contribui para inflamação crônica de baixo grau, redistribuição da gordura corporal, resistência à insulina, perda de massa óssea e muscular, além de comprometimento da função cardiovascular e cognitiva. A terapia hormonal da menopausa pode modular essas alterações, sendo mais eficaz quando iniciada precocemente, dentro de até 10 anos após o início da menopausa. O efeito terapêutico depende de fatores como via de administração, formulação e características individuais da paciente. A abordagem integrada, considerando metabolismo, inflamação e fatores hormonais, é essencial para otimizar os desfechos clínicos. Considerações finais: A deficiência estrogênica exerce múltiplos efeitos sobre o organismo feminino durante a pós-menopausa. A terapia hormonal, quando individualizada e iniciada precocemente, pode reduzir a inflamação, preservar massa óssea e muscular, melhorar o perfil metabólico e favorecer a saúde cardiovascular, representando uma estratégia importante para a manutenção do bem-estar e da funcionalidade em mulheres pós-menopáusicas.
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