Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus
Anticoagulants
Elderly
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the evolution of clinical parameters of aggravation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus associated with the profile of elderly patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and other comorbidities. In addition, to identify the need for anticoagulant therapy and supplemental oxygen and its relationship with the unfavorable outcome of death. Methods: Observational, predominantly analytical, longitudinal and retrospective study, developed between 2020 and 2021, through the database of a public hospital in Vitória da Conquista - BA, in patients over sixty years old, and with DM2 and COVID-19. The information collected was tabulated using the Microsoft Office Excel® program and was statistically evaluated using mean, median, frequency, percentage and standard deviation to compare quantitative variables with clinical conditions. Results: Based on the data, it was found that elderly people between sixty and seventy-nine years old, mostly women (52.6%), with diabetes mellitus and other associated comorbidities predominantly used supplemental oxygen and anticoagulants. Conclusion: The study shows that DM2 associated with other risk factors is relevant for high lethality and demonstrates potential predictors of the use of anticoagulant therapy.
References
APICELLA M, et al. COVID-19 in people with diabetes: understanding the reasons for worse outcomes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2020; 8: 782–92.
BATISTA DR, et al. Uso de anticoagulantes em pacientes com COVID-19: revisão sistemática “viva” e meta-análise. J Bras Pneumol., 2022; 48(4): e20220041.
CHEN N, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet, 2020; 395: 507–13.
CUI J, et al. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses. Nature Revist Microbiology, 2019; 17(3):181-192.
EJAZ H, et al. COVID-19 and comorbidities: Deleterious impact on infected patients. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 2020; 13: 1833–1839.
ELAMARI S, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of diabetic patients infected by the SARS-CoV-2. The Pan African Medical Journal, 2020; 37: 32.
ELTZSCHIG HK, CARMELIET P. Hypoxia and inflammation. N Engl J Med., 2011; 364: 656–665.
FEI Z, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet, 2020; 395:1054- 1062.
FLUMIGNAN RL, et al. Prophylactic anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID-19. Cochrane Database Syst Rev., 2020; 10(10): CD013739.
GIANNIS D, et al. Coagulation Disorders in Coronavirus Infected Patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and Lessons from the Past. Journal of Clinical Virology, 2020; 127: 104362.
KAMINSKA H, et al. Impact of diabetes mellitus on in-hospital mortality in adult patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Diabetologica, 2021; 58(8): 1101–1110.
LAWLER PR, et al. Therapeutic Anticoagulation with Heparin in Noncritically Ill Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med., 2021; 385: 790-802.
LIM S, et al. COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: from pathophysiology to clinical management. Nat Rev Endocrinol, 2021; 17; 11–30.
MEJÍA F, et al. Oxygen saturation as a predictor of mortality in hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 in a public hospital in Lima, Peru. PLoS ONE, 2020; 15(12): e0244171.
MUNIYAPPA R e GUBBI S. COVID-19 pandemic, coronaviruses, and diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 2020; 318(5): E736-E741.
NIQUINI RP, et al. SRAG por COVID-19 no Brasil: descrição e comparação de características demográficas e comorbidades com SRAG por influenza e com a população geral. Cad. Saúde Pública 2020; 36(7): e00149420.
ORTEGA E, et al. Risk factors for severe outcomes in people with diabetes hospitalised for COVID-19: A cross-sectional database study. BMJ Open, 2021; 11(7): 1–10.
PETRILLI CM, et al. Factors associated with hospital admission and critical illness among 5279 people with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York City: prospective cohort study. BMJ, 2020; 369: m1966.
RAJPAL A, et al. Factors leading to high morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes, 2020; 12(12): 895-908.
SANTOS LG, et al. Prevalência de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e Diabetes Mellitus em Indivíduos com COVID-19: um estudo retrospectivo de óbitos em Pernambuco, brasil. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 2021; 117(2): 416-422.
SHARMA P, et al. Pathology of COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury. Clin Kidney J, 2021; 14: i30-i39.
SINVANI L, et al. Geriatrics-focused indicators predict mortality more than age in older adults hospitalized with COVID-19. BMC Geriatr, 2021; 21: 554.
VERITY R, et al. Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis. Lancet Infect Dis, 2020; 20(6): 669-677.
WANG D, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA, 2020; 323(11): 1061–9.
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). O COVID-19 Dashboard. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020. Disponível em: https://covid19.who.int/. Acessado em: 12 de outubro de 2022
WU J, et al. Influence of diabetes mellitus on the severity and fatality of SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) infection. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2020; 22(10): 1907–1914.
XIE J, et al. Association Between Hypoxemia and Mortality in Patients With COVID-19. Mayo Clin Proc., 2020; 95: 1138–1147.
YANG JK, et al. Binding of SARS Coronavirus to Its Receptor Damages Islets and Causes Acute Diabetes. Acta Diabetol, 2010; 47(3):193–9.