Keywords
Non-celiac gluten sensitivity
Prevalence
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: The study sought to analyze the prevalence of people on a gluten-restricted diet in the absence of a diagnosis justifying the restriction or guidance from a qualified professional. Methods: The inclusion criteria was enrollment at Centro Universitário and the exclusion criteria was a previous diagnosis of celiac disease, wheat allergy or irritable bowel syndrome. Results: A prevalence of 16% of the sample adhered to the gluten-free diet. 40% of those interviewed said they adhered to it on their own account, motivated mainly by the desire to lose weight and the search for a healthier diet. The perception of a reduction in gastrointestinal or extra-gastrointestinal symptoms after the restriction was the third main motivation. Conclusion: The prevalence of adherence to the diet was considerably higher than expected, even in comparison with other Latin American countries. The presence of symptom reduction with gluten restriction suggests the presence of non-celiac gluten sensitivity, and it is imperative to establish a more resolutive diagnostic strategy.
References
ALVARENGA MS, et al. Development and validity of the disordered eating attitude scale (DEAS). Perceptual and motor skills, 2010; 110(2): 379-395.
ARÁMBURO-GÁLVEZ JG, et al. Prevalence of adverse reactions to gluten and people going on a gluten-free diet: A survey study conducted in Brazil. Medicina, 2020; 56(4): 163.
ARAYA M, et al. Living with gluten and other food intolerances: Self-reported diagnoses and management. Nutrients, 2020; 12(6): 1.
BAPTISTA C. Diagnóstico diferencial entre doença celíaca e sensibilidade ao glúten não-celíaca: uma revisão. International Journal of Nutrology, 2017; 10(2): 46-57.
BIESIEKIERSKI JR, et al. Gluten Causes gastrointestinal symptoms in subjects without celiac disease: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2011; 106(3): 508–514.
BIESIEKIERSKI JR. What is gluten? Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2017; 32(1): 78-81.
BIGHETTI F, et al. Tradução e validação do Eating Attitudes Test em adolescentes do sexo feminino de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. J. bras. psiquiatr, 2004, 53(6): 339-346.
CABRERA-CHÁVEZ F, et al. Prevalence of self-reported gluten sensitivity and adherence to a gluten-free diet in argentinian adult population. Nutrients, 2017; 9(1): 81.
CABRERA-CHÁVEZ F, et al. Self-Reported Prevalence of Gluten-Related Disorders and Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet in Colombian Adult Population. Gastroenterology Research and Practice, 2016.
CATASSI C. Gluten sensitivity. Annals of nutrition and metabolism, 2015; 67(2): 15-26.
FALLAVENA LP. O perfil do consumidor de produtos sem glúten: necessidade ou modismo? Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, 2015.
HALLERT C, et al. Evidence of poor vitamin status in coeliac patients on a gluten-free diet for 10 years. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2002; 16(7): 1333–1339.
KAMIŃSKI M, et al. Gluten-free diet yesterday, today and tomorrow: Forecasting using Google Trends data. Arab journal of gastroenterology: the official publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology, 2020; 21(2): 67-68.
KHAN A, et al. Nonceliac Gluten and Wheat Sensitivity. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2020; 18(9): 1913-1922.
LOSURDO G, et al. Extra-intestinal manifestations of non-celiac gluten sensitivity: An expanding paradigm. World J Gastroenterol, 2018; 24(14): 1521-1530.
MANTOVANI G, et al. Indivíduos não celíacos e o consumo de alimentos sem glúten. Simpósio de segurança alimentar. FAURGS, Gramado, RS, 2018.
MELINI V e MELINI F. Gluten-free diet: Gaps and needs for a healthier diet. Nutrients, 2019; 11(1): 170.
NATACCI LC e FERREIRA M. The three factor eating questionnaire-R21: tradução para o português e aplicação em mulheres brasileiras. Revista de Nutrição, 2011; 24: 383-394.
NILAND B e CASH BD. Health benefits and adverse effects of a gluten-free diet in non-celiac disease patients. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 2018; 14(2): 82–91.
ONTIVEROS N, et al. Prevalence of self-reported gluten-related disorders and adherence to a gluten-free diet in salvadoran adult population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018; 15(4): 786.
ONTIVEROS N, et al. Prevalence of wheat/gluten-related disorders and gluten-free diet in paraguay: An online survey-based study. Nutrients, 2021; 13(2): 1–12.
ONTIVEROS N, et al. Self-Reported Prevalence of Symptomatic Adverse Reactions to Gluten and Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet in an Adult Mexican Population. Nutrients, 2015; 7(7): 6000–6015.
PANTALEÃO LC, et al. Declaração de Posicionamento da Sociedade Brasileira de Alimentação e Nutrição sobre Dieta sem Glúten. Sociedade Brasileira de Alimentação e Nutrição, São Paulo, 2017.
ROSZKOWSKA A, et al. Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Review. Medicina (Kaunas), 2019; 55(6): 222.
SERGI C, et al. non-celiac wheat sensitivity: rationality and irrationality of a gluten-free diet in individuals affected with non-celiac disease: a review. BMC Gastroenterology, 2021; 21(1): 1–12.
SLIM M, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in children and adults with gluten-related disorders: a narrative review. Nutrients, 2018; 10(7): 875.
TORTORA R, et al. Metabolic syndrome in patients with coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2015; 41(4): 352–359.