Keywords
Neonatal injuries
Operative delivery
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Abstract
Objective: Analyze the main neonatal injuries caused by using different types of forceps in operative deliveries. Methods: A search was carried out for previous studies on PubMed and BVS Regional Portal platforms and a total of 28 scientific articles were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Based on the studies analyzed, it was observed that forceps, when compared to vacuum-extractor, presents lower risk of neonatal soft tissue injuries, cephalohaematomas and jaundice. However, facial fetal injuries occur more when forceps are used. Furthermore, Kielland forceps stands out as the most effective and safe method among other instruments and the use of Naegele forceps also shows great success. Complications found include: shoulder dystocia, seizures, low Apgar, subgaleal hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, facial nerve injury, hydrocephalus, brachial plexus injury, vitreous hemorrhage, among others. Final considerations: There are many studies comparing use of forceps and other aid instruments in operative deliveries, regarding fetal injuries, but there are no studies that provide comparisons between the different types of forceps, detailing the neonatal injuries most frequently caused by each of them.
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